Design and Implementation of a Low Power Consumption of ASK, FSK PSK, and QSK Modulators Based on FPAA Technology

Thair A. Salih

Abstract


Wireless communication techniques have become more popular due to their characteristics. These systems adopt the digital modification application, which provides more information for transmission and compatibility with digital data services as well as high information security and quality improvement. Digital wave signal-based communication techniques such as PSK, FSK, ASK, and QPSK considered among the most significant digital modulation techniques. These technologies are a crucial part of digital communication systems. Digital communication devices designed by FPAAs can provide multiple communication without arranging new devices and can support new within seconds. FPAA is extremely easy to reconfigure and program concerning FPGA or DSP-based applications.  This article offers real-time implementation of ASK, FSK PSK, and QPSK modulator techniques with low power consumption ‎based on the ‎capability for dynamic reprogramming of the FPAA AN231E04 device ‎Anadigm. FPAA techniques provide growing application and high pliability in the implementation of analog circuits. The measurements achieved from the proposed modulated circuits show that the form and properties of the theoretical outcomes agree perfectly with the practical outcomes. FPAA techniques provide growing application and high pliability in the implementation of analog circuits for minimizing the time of design and testing. Another feature is the minimum power exhaustion (165 mw) due to the switched capacitor method used by the FPAA Chip, which gives a high accuracy process.

Keywords


FPAA; ASK; FSK; PSK; QPSK; digital modulation.

Full Text:

PDF

References


H. Lu, W. Jiang, and C. Zhang, "Green Receivers for Massive MIMO Systems: A Joint Approach of Antenna Turn-Off andMulti-Level-Mixed-ADC Resolution Design", IEEE ACCESS.J. vol.9, No.28. pp.19639-19650,2021.

J.C. Chen, "Constructive Interference-Based Symbol-LevelPrecoding Design for Millimeter-Wave Massive Multiuser MIMO Systems with Hardware-Efficient Hybrid Precoding Architecture", IEEE ACCESS.J., vol.9, No.28. pp.18393-18401,2021.

A. Natarajan, and J.r Hasler, "Hodgkin–Huxley Neuron and FPAA Dynamics", IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems.J., vol. 12, No. 4, pp. 1-9,2018.

M. S. Diab, and S. A. Mahmoud," Field programmable analog arrays for implementation of generalized n-th-order operational transconductance amplifier-C elliptic filters", ETRI Journal, vol.42, No.4, pp.534–548,2020.

M. S. Haji Ali, M. M. Shaker, T. A. Salih, "Design and Implementation of a Dynamic Analogue Matched Filter Using FPAA Technology," Proc. of World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, Bangkok, (Thailand), Vol.36, pp. 206-210, 2008.

R. Gupta, S. Kumar, and S. Majhi, "Blind Modulation Classification for Asynchronous OFDM Systems Over Unknown Signal Parameters and Channel Statistics," IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.J., vol. 69, No. 5, May 2020.

M. S.Diab, and S. A. Mahmoud, Survey on Field Programmable Analog Array Architecture Eliminating Routing Network, IEEE Access. J., vol. 8, No.8, pp.220779-220794,2020.

J. Hasler and S. Shah, "Security Implications for Ultra-Low Power Configurable SOC FPAA Embedded Systems", Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications, vol.8, No.2, pp. 1-17,2018.

A. Bouzid and J. Vásárhelyi, "Implementation and Experimentation of an Embedded Data Acquisition/Preprocessing System Based on a Hybrid Reconfigurable Hardware Accelerator for Inertial Measurements", IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.J., vol. 56, No. 2, pp. 2012-2019,2020.

S. Shah, H. Töreyin, C. B. Güngör, and Jennifer Hasler, "A Real-Time Vital-Sign Monitoring in the Physical Domain on a Mixed-Signal Reconfigurable Platform"; IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems.J., vol. 13, No. 6, pp.1-10,2019.

S. Garvey and S. Koziol, "Robot Path Planning Using Analog Circuit Phase Delay", IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems.J., vol.50, No.10, pp. 1-13,2018.

S. Koziol, "Multi-Objective Path Planning for Autonomous Robots Using Reconfigurable Analogue VLSI", IEEE ACCESS.J. Vol. 8, pp.,80134-80147,2020.

AN231E04 Datasheet Rev 1.0, Dynamically Recon- figurable dpASP, 3rd generation, www. anadigm. com.

R. Pawase, and Dr. N.P. Futane, "MEMS Seismic Sensor with FPAA-Based Interface Circuit for Frequency-Drift Compensation Using Ann," International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems, vol.11, No.1,2018.

B. R. Jammu, H. K. Botcha, N. Bodasingi, "FPGA Implementation of BASK-BFSK-BPSK-DPSK DigitalModulators using System Generator", International Conference on Circuits Power and Computing Technologies, pp.1-6,2017.

A. Trigui, M. Ali, A.C. Ammari, Y. Savaria, and M. Sawan, "Energy Efficient Generic Demodulator for High Data Transmission Rate Over an Inductive Link for Implantable Devices", IEEE Access.J., vol.7, pp. 159379-159389,2019.

S. Maheshwari, "Detection of Amplitude Shift Keying Signals Using Current-Mode Scheme", I.J. of Electronics and Information Engineering, vol.11, No.2, pp.73-80,2019.

C. Erdoğan, I. Myderrizi, and S. Minaei,"FPGA Implementation of BASK-BFSK-BPSK Digital Modulators", IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, vol.54, No. 2, pp.263-269,2012.

A. Mishra, W. Mcdonnell, J. Wang, D. Rodriguez, and C. Li, "Intermodulation-Based Nonlinear Smart Health Sensing of Human Vital Signs and Location," IEEE Access.J., vol. 7, pp.158295-158284, 2019.

M. Ghovanloo and K. Najafi, A High Data Transfer Rate Frequency Shift Keying Demodulator Chip for Wireless Biomedical Implants, 45th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, vol.5, III-433-III 436,2002.

J. Caldwell and M. Tummala, "Hyper Phase Shift Keying (HPSK) Modulation", Conference Record of the Forty-First Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers, pp.1000-1004,2007.

K. Zhu, M. R. Haider, S. Yuan, S. K. Islam, "A Sub-1μA Low-Power FSK Modulator for Biomedical Sensor Circuits", IEEE Computer Society Annual Symposium on VLSI, pp. 263-265, 2010.

Y. Gao, Y. Dai, C. Shu, and S. He, "Wavelength Interchange of Phase-Shift-Keying Signal", IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol. 22, no. 11, pp.838-840, 2010.

H. Li, S. Chen, J. Fang, and K. Wang, "Frequency-Modulated Phase Shift Keying Communication for MEPT Control of Wireless Power Transfer", TPEL-Letter, vol. 36, No. 5, pp.1-5, 2021.

G. S. Kishore and H. Rallapalli, "Performance Assessment of-ary ASK, FSK, PSK, QAM and FQAM in AWGN Channel", International Conference on Communication and Signal Processing, pp.273-277,2019.

A. Al Safi and B. Bazuin, "FPGA Based Implementation of BPSK and QPSK Modulators using Address Reverse Accumulators", 7th IEEE Annual Ubiquitous Computing, Electronics & Mobile Communication Conference, pp.1-6, 2016.

D. Bala1, N. Islam, S. Alam, I. Abdullah, and M.A. Hossain, "Analysis the Performance of OFDM Using BPSK, QPSK, 64-QAM, 128-QAM & 256-QAM Modulation Techniques", Journal of Electrical Engineering, Electronics, Control, and Computer Science, vol. 7, no. 24, pp.31-38, 2021.

G. Hu, L. Xu, P. Zhao, and W. Wang," Confidence Evaluation of BPSK Signal Analysis Based on EVT", IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems. J, vol. 56, no. 2, PP.1-21,2020.

S. Haldar, S. H. Chakraborty, "Implementation and Study of High-Speed Multimode Digital Modulator Using Ternary Logic", Emerging Trends in Electronic Devices and Computational Techniques, pp.1-4,2018.

P. R. Vázquez, J. Grzyb, Be. Heinemann and Ul. R. Pfeiffer, “A QPSK 110-Gb/s Polarization- Diversity MIMO Wireless Link with a 220–255 GHz Tunable LO in a SiGe HBT Technology", IEEE Transactions On Microwave Theory And Techniques, vol. 68, no. 9, pp.1-18,2020.

Usha S.M, and K.R Nataraj,"Low Power 8PSK Modulator using Cadence", International Conference on Recent Advances in Electronics and Communication Technology, pp,.279-282,2017.

A. Gael, "Generation of ASK, FSK, and PSK Using Esample & Hold IC LF 398", International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication, pp.51-54,2016.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.11.4.11299

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Published by INSIGHT - Indonesian Society for Knowledge and Human Development