Efforts to Support Sustainable Agriculture with The Understanding of Invasion and Colonization Egg Parasitoid of Yellow Rice Stemborer, Scirphopaga Incertulas Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Bali

Abstract

The arrangement of sustainable agriculture in Bali which appropriate with Bali government’s mission: Bali Clean and Green "Go to Organic". The concept of modern agriculture looks like contradiction with the aspects of sustainable agriculture. The aspects of rice cultivation have been done by local agriculture community in Bali (call it SUBAK) for many years, but the attack of yellow rice stemborer still happen, which adverse farmer’s side, persist. The efforts control which has been done, still rely on insecticides because it can give quick effect, but it is not appropriate for sustainable agriculture. The other solution to solve that issue is with the integrated pest management (IPM), as the main component of which is the role of parasitoids. Therefore needed research to investigate the invasion and colonization of yellow rice stemborer parasitoids in Bali. The research was conducted in three districts centers of rice stemborer (Badung, Tabanan, Jembrana), since December 2013 to March 2014. This research using survey method with the rule is collecting the group of egg with purposive random sampling at 10 - 66 days after planting (dap), as many as 70 groups of eggs per week. The observed of variables include the percentage of infected eggs, diversity, dominance, similarity, abundance, attack level and ratio of female parasitoids. The result showed that invasion and colonization of the egg parasitoid of yellow rice stemborer in Bali vary in diversity, dominance, abundance, the percentage of infected eggs and attack level. Three types of parasitoids associated with rice plants, they are Trichogramma japonicum, Telenomus rowani and Tetrastichus schoenobii. The percentage of infected eggs, diversity, dominance of T. japonicum, T. rowani and T. schoenobii, similarity, abundance of T. japonicum, T. rowani and T. schoenobii, attack level of T. japonicum, T. rowani and T. schoenobii and ratio of female of T. japonicum, T. rowani and T. schoenobii found in Tabanan regency, were (90.14%; 0.32; 0.00; 0.06; 0.49; 100%; 96.16; 424.09; 1.193,54 tail; 1.30; 11.98; 85.13%; 77.36; 84.67; 79.51%), in Badung regency were found (83.68%; 0.42; 0.02; 0.12; 0.26; 100%; 199.94; 471.14; 708.83 tail; 5,22; 20,61; 64,25%; 76.48; 83.44; 77.63%) and at Jembrana regency were found (78.61%;0.39;0.02;0.35;0.07;100%;144,76;635,97; 293,15 tail; 4.79;39.43;50.20%;75.83;80.77; 75.30%). The above data’s  as a basis for determining the measures to support sustainable agriculture.