Wet Season Trials on Growth and Yield of Six Newly Developed Chili Pepper Hybrids at Three Different Locations

Catur Herison, Merakati Handajaningsih, Fahrurrozi Fahrurrozi, Rustikawati Rustikawati

Abstract


Chili pepper is one highest economic value vegetable crops in Indonesia.  The wet season may adversely influence chili pepper yield in the field due to a high incidence of flower and fruit drop, and it may be more severe when it is combined with high temperature.  The objective of this study might be to evaluate growth and yield of six newly developed chili pepper hybrids at three different agro climates during the wet season.  The study was conducted in three locations differed mainly by elevation and soil type.  They were low elevation (15 m above sea level - asl) with Ultisol, medium elevation (600 m asl) with Inceptisol, and high elevation (1000 m asl) with andosol, during the peak of rainy season, November 2014 to March 2015.  In all location, the experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications.  The hybrid genotypes evaluated were H14, H17, H20, H23, H39 and H5, and one commercial hybrid as a check, Dimas.  The result showed that at low elevation, the hybrid genotype of H39 showed higher stem diameter, plant fresh and dry weight, the number of fruit and total fruit weight per plant.  At medium altitude, H39 showed relatively higher plant height, stem diameter, plant dry-weight and total fruit number per plant than other hybrids did.  However, total fruit weight per plant of Dimas and H20 were higher than that of other hybrids.  At high elevation, plant height of H23, Dimas, or H39 was relatively superior to that of other hybrids.  In term of plant fresh and dry weight, H20, H23, or H17 was superior to other hybrids.  However, H20, H17, or H5 showed higher yield than other hybrids did.  It seems that H39, Dimas, and H20 were more suitable at low, medium and high elevation, respectively, compared to other hybrids.  Growth and yield of chili pepper grown at low elevation were lower than at medium or high altitude.  The plant at high elevation produced yield higher than they did at medium altitude.

Keywords


capsicum annuum; growth; yield; hybrid; wet season.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.7.5.2515

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Published by INSIGHT - Indonesian Society for Knowledge and Human Development