Land Capability and Suitability Assessment for Reducing Risk Disaster in Small Island: The Case of Sulabesi Island, Indonesia

Lisa Meidiyanti Lautetu, Hayati Sari Hasibuan, Rudy P. Tambunan

Abstract


Small islands possess the main character, namely limited land resources; thus, their development must pay attention to the land's capability to support life. Sulabesi is one of the small islands located in the North Maluku Islands with a very low to very high level of land capability. As a small island and center of activity, it faces several problems, including population growth, land availability, and vulnerability to natural disasters. The study aimed to assess the suitability of land capability with land cover and disaster risk and provide direction for the development. Additionally, it employed an overlap analysis method using the ArcGIS 10.5 tool with spatial data, namely land capability and disaster risk, and land cover changes from Landsat 7 & 8 satellite imagery throughout 2000, 2010, and 2020. The research finding denoted that Sulabesi Island continues to experience changes in land cover, particularly the increase in built-up land for 20 years. These changes were then spread over the land capability of class A and class B development capability characteristics of 280.46 ha. Furthermore, the suitability between land capability and disaster risk areas was also observable in classes A, B, and C, with the risk of tsunamis, earthquakes, and landslides. Thus, efforts to manage sustainable land use, mainly built-up lands, must be directed at the capability of land with a very high - medium development classification and free from disaster risk. It can be a reference for future research in developing small islands that are more resilient.

Keywords


Land capability; land suitability; small island; disasters risk; overlap technique

Full Text:

PDF

References


N. Cantasano, T. Caloiero, G. Pellicone, F. Aristodemo, A. De Marco, and G. Tagarelli, “Can ICZM contribute to the mitigation of erosion and of human activities threatening the natural and cultural heritage of the coastal landscape of Calabria?,†Sustain., vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 1–19, 2021, doi: 10.3390/su13031122.

R. Kay and J. Alder, Coastal Planning and Management. New York: Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2002.

T. Kuleli, “Measuring Sustainability of Turkish Coastal Regions based on Quality Coast Indicators by Local Experts Evaluation,†J. Coast. Zo. Manag., vol. 20, no. 4, 2017, doi: 10.4172/2473-3350.1000449.

P. P. Rogers, K. F. Jalal, and J. A. Boyd, An Introduction to Sustainable Development. London: Glen Educational Foundation, Inc., 2008.

Y. Chang, K. wai Chu, and L. Z. H. Chuang, “Sustainable coastal zone planning based on historical coastline changes: A model from case study in Tainan, Taiwan,†Landsc. Urban Plan., vol. 174, no. February, pp. 24–32, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.02.012.

Z. Ullah, W. Wu, X. H. Wang, T. R. Pavase, S. B. Hussain Shah, and R. Pervez, “Implementation of a marine spatial planning approach in Pakistan: An analysis of the benefits of an integrated approach to coastal and marine management,†Ocean Coast. Manag., vol. 205, no. November 2019, p. 105545, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2021.105545.

W. Yang, J. Zhao, and K. Zhao, “Analysis of regional difference and spatial influencing factors of human settlement ecological environment in China,†Sustain., vol. 10, no. 5, p. 1520, 2018, doi: 10.3390/su10051520.

L. Yi, J. Qian, M. Kobuliev, P. Han, and J. Li, “Dynamic evaluation of the impact of human interference during rapid urbanisation of coastal zones: A case study of shenzhen,†Sustain., vol. 12, no. 6, p. 2254, 2020, doi: 10.3390/su12062254.

L. K. Chien, W. P. Huang, C. H. Hsu, C. C. Hsieh, and C. Y. Fang, “Coastal disaster risk assessment and designation of protection zoning in Taiwan using GIS,†WIT Trans. Built Environ., vol. 170, no. July, pp. 173–184, 2017, doi: 10.2495/CC170171.

S. Wunas, “The disaster resolving on tourism settlements in small islands,†in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2019, vol. 235, no. 1, p. 012106.

S. Narayan et al., “Local adaptation responses to coastal hazards in small island communities: insights from 4 Pacific nations,†Environ. Sci. Policy, vol. 104, no. December 2018, pp. 199–207, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.envsci.2019.11.006.

N. M. P. de Alencar, M. Le Tissier, S. K. Paterson, and A. Newton, “Circles of coastal sustainability: A framework for coastal management,†Sustain., vol. 12, no. 12, pp. 1–27, 2020, doi: 10.3390/SU12124886.

I. Marasabessy, A. Fahrudin, Z. Imran, and S. B. Agus, “Sustainable Coastal and Marine Management Strategies of Nusa Manu and Nusa Leun Islands in Central Maluku Regency,†J. Reg. Rural Dev. Plan., vol. 2, no. 1, p. 11, 2018, doi: 10.29244/jp2wd.2018.2.1.11-22.

B. Neumann, K. Ott, and R. Kenchington, “Strong sustainability in coastal areas: a conceptual interpretation of SDG 14,†Sustain. Sci., vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 1019–1035, 2017, doi: 10.1007/s11625-017-0472-y.

Subdirectorate of Environment Statistics, “Statistics of Marine and Coastal Resources,†BPS-Statistics Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.bps.go.id.

S. Sukardjo and R. Pratiwi, “Coastal zone space in Indonesia: Prelude to conflict?,†Int. J. Dev. Res., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 2992–3012, 2015.

M. M. Ali, Z. F. Aditya, and A. B. Fuadi, “Coastal Communities Protection of Constitutional Rights : The Urgency of Harmonization of Integrated Coastal Management Regulations,†J. Konstitusi, vol. 17, no. 4, p. 799, 2020, doi: 10.31078/jk1745.

R. Willem, “The Utilization of Coastal and Marine of Justice,†Bina Huk. Lingkung., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 154–166, 2018, doi: 10.24970/jbhl.v2n2.13.

A. P. Zulriskan, H. S. Hasibuan, and R. H. Koestoer, “Spatial planning of small island to anticipating climate change effect (case study of Harapan and Kelapa Islands, Indonesia),†in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2018, vol. 200, no. 1, doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/200/1/012064.

A. E. Gülersoy, N. Gümüş, M. E. Sönmez, and G. Gündüzoğlu, “Relations between the land use and land capability classification in Küçük Menderes River Basin,†J. Environ. Biol., vol. 36, no. January, pp. 17–26, 2015.

A. N. Rahmadania, U. Arsyad, B. Bachtiar, and Wahyuni, “Compatibility of land use based on land capability in Tabo-Tabo Village, Bungoro District, Pangkajene,†IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci., vol. 575, no. 1, pp. 1–13, 2020, doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/575/1/012128.

S. Zahara, Darmawan, and B. Tjahjono, “Directions of Settlement Development in Banda Aceh City based on Land Capability,†in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2022, vol. 950, no. 1, p. 012076.

W. Cao, Y. Zhou, R. Li, X. Li, and H. Zhang, “Monitoring long-term annual urban expansion ( 1986 – 2017 ) in the largest archipelago of China,†Sci. Total Environ., vol. 776, p. 146015, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146015.

Q. Chen, “Sustainable development indicator systems for island cities: The case of Zhoushan Maritime Garden City,†Isl. Stud. J., 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.24043/isj.103.

I. Atalay, “A New Approach to the Land Capability Classification: Case Study of Turkey,†in Procedia Environmental Sciences, 2016, vol. 32, pp. 264–274, doi: 10.1016/j.proenv.2016.03.031.

T. Gashaw, T. Tulu, M. Argaw, and A. W. Worqlul, “Land capability classification for planning land uses in the Geleda watershed, Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia,†Model. Earth Syst. Environ., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 489–499, 2018, doi: 10.1007/s40808-018-0448-7.

T. J. Mary Silpa and P. T. Nowshaja, “Land Capability Classification of Ollukara Block Panchayat Using GIS,†in Procedia Technology, 2016, vol. 24, pp. 303–308, doi: 10.1016/j.protcy.2016.05.040.

A. Bagherzadeh and P. Paymard, “Assessment of land capability for different irrigation systems by parametric and fuzzy approaches in the Mashhad Plain, northeast Iran,†Soil Water Res., vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 90–98, 2015, doi: 10.17221/139/2014-SWR.

M. Ahmadi, S. Asgari, and E. Ghanavati, “Land Capability Evaluation for Ecotourism Development in Ilam Province, a Gis Approach,†Bol. Ciências Geodésicas, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 107–125, 2015, doi: 10.1590/s1982-21702015000100008.

R. Duwila, R. C. Tarore, and E. D. Takumansang, “Analysis of land capability on Sulabesi Island, Kepulauan Sula Regency,†J. Spasial, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 703–713, 2019.

D. I. Shofarini, R. K. Arruzzi, and B. E. N. Firdauz, “Land Development Recommendation of Bunguran Island as One of the National Border Areas Based on Level of Land Suitability and Land Capability,†in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2019, vol. 328, no. 1, pp. 1–9, doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/328/1/012015.

S. Fauzi, “Sula Archipelago Regency, North Maluku Province Beautiful Islands that Save Fishery Potential,†Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan, 2016. https://wpi.kkp.go.id/?q=node/37 (accessed Dec. 04, 2021).

BPS (Indonesian Statistics), “Regional Statistics of Kepulauan Sula Regency in 2019,†Kepulauan Sula, 2019. [Online]. Available: https://kepsulkab.bps.go.id.

A. Damayanti, A. N. Ayuningtyas, F. Saraswati, M. Farurrozi, N. M. U. Hani, and V. S. Izdihar, “Land-Use Change on Community Livelihoods in Tanjung Urban Village, South Purwokerto,†Int. J. Adv. Sci. Eng. Inf. Technol., vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 1549–1557, 2021, doi: 10.18517/ijaseit.11.4.14867.

A. R. Farhan and S. Lim, “Resilience assessment on coastline changes and urban settlements: A case study in Seribu Islands, Indonesia,†Ocean Coast. Manag., vol. 54, no. 5, pp. 391–400, 2011, doi: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2010.12.003.

L. Y. Ledoh, A. Satria, and R. Hidayat, “Livelihoods Vulnerability of Communities in Coastal City to Climate Variability (Case Study in Kupang City),†J. Nat. Resour. Environ. Manag., vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 758–770, 2019, doi: 10.29244/jpsl.9.3.758-770.

W. Malherbe, W. Sauer, and S. Aswani, “Social capital reduces vulnerability in rural coastal communities of Solomon Islands,†Ocean Coast. Manag., vol. 191, no. November 2018, p. 105186, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2020.105186.

Y. Pan et al., “Characterizing the spatiotemporal evolutions and impact of rapid urbanization on island sustainable development,†Habitat Int., vol. 53, pp. 215–227, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2015.11.030.

A. Gkoltsiou and E. Mougiakou, “The use of Islandscape character assessment and participatory spatial SWOT analysis to the strategic planning and sustainable development of small islands. The case of Gavdos,†Land use policy, vol. 103, no. March 2020, p. 105277, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2021.105277.

A. Pamungkas, A. Sulisetyono, Z. Hidayah, A. K. Sunyigono, U. Trunojoyo, and P. Poteran, “Indicators of Small Island Independence: A Case Study of Poteran Sumenep,†J. Penataan Ruang, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 1–10, 2014.

M. Hori, H. Hamaoka, M. Hirota, F. Lagarde, S. Vaz, and M. Hamaguchi, “Application of The Coastal Ecosystem Complex Concept Toward Integrated Management for Sustainable Coastal Fisheries under Oligotrophication,†Fish. Sci., vol. 84, no. 2, pp. 283–292, 2018, doi: 10.1007/s12562-017-1173-2.

J. Connell, “Effects of Climate Change on Settlements and Infrastructure Relevant to the Pacific Islands,†Pasific Mar. Clim. Chang. Rep. Card, pp. 159–176, 2018.

S. K. Qazlbash, M. Zubair, S. A. Manzoor, A. ul Haq, and M. S. Baloch, “Socioeconomic determinants of climate change adaptations in the flood-prone rural community of Indus Basin, Pakistan,†Environ. Dev., vol. 37, no. July 2020, p. 100603, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.envdev.2020.100603.

C. Gargiulo, R. Battarra, and M. Rosa, “Land Use Policy Coastal areas and climate change: A decision support tool for implementing adaptation measures,†Land use policy, vol. 91, no. December 2019, p. 104413, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104413.

A. Almutairi, M. Mourshed, and R. F. M. Ameen, “Coastal community resilience frameworks for disaster risk management,†Nat. Hazards, vol. 101, no. 2, pp. 595–630, 2020, doi: 10.1007/s11069-020-03875-3.

L. M. Soanes et al., “Reducing the vulnerability of coastal communities in the Caribbean through sustainable mangrove management,†Ocean Coast. Manag., vol. 210, no. May, p. 105702, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2021.105702.

G. Masselink and E. D. Lazarus, “Defining coastal resilience,†Water (Switzerland), vol. 11, no. 12, pp. 1–21, 2019, doi: 10.3390/w11122587.

A. K. Mills, P. Ruggiero, J. P. Bolte, K. A. Serafi, and E. Lipiec, “Quantifying Uncertainty in Exposure to Coastal Hazards Associated with Both Climate Change and Adaptation Strategies: A U.S. Pacific Northwest Alternative Coastal Futures Analysis,†water, vol. 13, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/w13040545.

S. Bachri et al., “Developing land capability to reduce land degradation and disaster incident in Bendo Watershed, Banyuwangi,†in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2021, vol. 630, no. 1, doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/630/1/012004.

R. Coluzzi et al., “Density matters? Settlement expansion and land degradation in Peri-urban and rural districts of Italy,†Environ. Impact Assess. Rev., vol. 92, no. October 2021, p. 106703, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.eiar.2021.106703.

M. Z. Hoque, I. Islam, M. Ahmed, S. S. Hasan, and F. A. Prodhan, “Spatio-temporal changes of land use land cover and ecosystem service values in coastal Bangladesh,†Egypt. J. Remote Sens. Sp. Sci., vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 173–180, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.ejrs.2022.01.008.

M. T. Löbmann et al., “Systems knowledge for sustainable soil and land management,†Sci. Total Environ., vol. 822, p. 153389, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153389.

A. Nurzaman, R. Shaw, and M. S. Roychansyah, “Measuring community resilience against coastal hazards: Case study in Baron Beach, Gunungkidul Regency,†Prog. Disaster Sci., vol. 5, p. 100067, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.pdisas.2020.100067.

D. D. Tran, M. M. Dang, B. Du Duong, W. Sea, and T. T. Vo, “Livelihood vulnerability and adaptability of coastal communities to extreme drought and salinity intrusion in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta,†Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct., vol. 57, no. July 2020, p. 102183, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102183.

Y. T. Cheng, Y. C. Tseng, Y. Iwaki, and M. C. Huang, “Sustainable food security in Small Island Developing States (SIDS): A case of Horticulture project in Marshall Islands,†Mar. Policy, vol. 128, no. December 2020, p. 104378, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.marpol.2020.104378.

A. A. Gohar, A. Cashman, and F. A. Ward, “Managing food and water security in Small Island States: New evidence from economic modelling of climate stressed groundwater resources,†J. Hydrol., vol. 569, no. December, pp. 239–251, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.12.008.

H. Lincoln Lenderking, S. ann Robinson, and G. Carlson, “Climate change and food security in Caribbean small island developing states: challenges and strategies,†Int. J. Sustain. Dev. World Ecol., vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 238–245, 2021, doi: 10.1080/13504509.2020.1804477.

S. Shah, A. Moroca, and J. A. Bhat, “Neo-traditional approaches for ensuring food security in Fiji Islands,†Environ. Dev., vol. 28, no. November, pp. 83–100, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.envdev.2018.11.001.

A. Abubakar, M. Fuady, and A. Achmad, “The evaluation of green open space of disaster prone coastal areas,†in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2021, vol. 1087, no. 1, p. 012014, doi: 10.1088/1757-899x/1087/1/012014.

E. L. Mayona, “Directions for city development based on disaster mitigation (Case study: Garut City, West Java),†in Seminar Nasional Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota ITS, Surabaya, 29 Oktober 2009 “Menuju Penataan Ruang Perkotaan yang Berkelanjutan, Berdaya saing, dan Berotonomi,†2009, no. 978, pp. 38–43.

E. A. Hernández-Delgado, “The emerging threats of climate change on tropical coastal ecosystem services, public health, local economies and livelihood sustainability of small islands: Cumulative impacts and synergies,†Mar. Pollut. Bull., vol. 101, no. 1, pp. 5–28, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.09.018.

S. Murshed, D. J. Paull, A. L. Griffin, and M. A. Islam, “A parsimonious approach to mapping climate-change-related composite disaster risk at the local scale in coastal Bangladesh,†Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct., vol. 55, no. January, p. 102049, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102049.

B. Basel, G. Goby, and J. Johnson, “Community-based adaptation to climate change in villages of Western Province , Solomon Islands,†Mar. Pollut. Bull., vol. 156, no. September 2019, p. 111266, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111266.

M. A. D. Abenir, L. I. O. Manzanero, and V. Bollettino, “Community-based leadership in disaster resilience: The case of small island community in Hagonoy, Bulacan, Philippines,†Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct., vol. 71, no. January, p. 102797, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2022.102797.

S. Islam, A. Uddin, and M. A. Hossain, “Assessing the dynamics of land cover and shoreline changes of Nijhum Dwip (Island) of Bangladesh using remote sensing and GIS techniques,†Reg. Stud. Mar. Sci., vol. 41, p. 101578, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.rsma.2020.101578.

J. Faruque et al., “Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment Monitoring of land use and land cover changes by using remote sensing and GIS techniques at human-induced mangrove forests areas in Bangladesh,†Remote Sens. Appl. Soc. Environ., vol. 25, no. January, p. 100699, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.rsase.2022.100699.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.13.2.17373

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Published by INSIGHT - Indonesian Society for Knowledge and Human Development