Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Coleus amboinicus Leaves by Microwave-assisted Extraction: Optimization of the Operating Condition

Ni'matul Izza, Nani Sumarni, Niken Dieni Pramesi, Ucha Aditya Mahardi, Shinta Rosalia Dewi

Abstract


Torbangun (Coleus amboinicus L) leaf is one of the herbs from Indonesia that has been reported to have many bioactive compounds for human health. These phytochemicals are predominantly incorporated into phenolics, such as flavonoids. An extraction process is needed to obtain all the valuable compounds, and conventional solvent extraction, such as heating and maceration, could be easily applied because of its simplicity. However, this method requires high energy, a longer extraction time, and a large amount of solvent. To overcome these limitations, in this study, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was utilized to extract phenolic compounds, including flavonoids from torbangun leaves. Three factors (solvent to feed ratio, microwave power, and extraction time) were evaluated to affect the three responses (extract volume, TPC, and TFC). The extraction process optimization was carried out to get a higher response. The Box-Behnken experiment design and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) determined the optimal operating condition. The result shows 30 ml/g of solvent to feed ratio, 300 W of microwave power, and 4.6 minutes of extraction time as the optimum condition. Applying those conditions, the extract is expected to reach 10.13 ml of extract volume, 9.17 mg GAE/ ml extract of total phenolic, and 3.62 mg QE/ ml extract of total flavonoid. In sum, MAE was useful for extracting phenolic compounds from torbangun leaves and could be an alternative method due to its high efficiency.

Keywords


Coleous amboinicus; Torbangun; MAE; TPC; TFC; RSM

Full Text:

PDF

References


Y. R. Yanza et al., “Coleus amboinicus (Lour.) leaves as a modulator of ruminal methanogenesis and biohydrogenation in vitro1,†J. Anim. Sci., vol. 96, no. 11, pp. 4868–4881, Nov. 2018.

S. Ślusarczyk et al., “Phytochemical profile and antioxidant activities of coleus amboinicus lour. Cultivated in Indonesia and Poland,†Molecules, vol. 26, no. 10, 2021.

R. Damanik, “Torbangun : a Bataknese traditional cuisine for the lactating mother in the North Sumatra Province of Indonesia,†in Handbook of Dietary and Nutritional Aspects of Human Breast Milk, no. 5, 2013, pp. 631–644.

R. Damanik, L. Kustiyah, M. Hanafi, and A. C. Iwansyah, “Evaluation Lactogenic Activity of Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Torbangun ( Coleus amboinicus L .) Leaves,†in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Evironmental Science, 2017, pp. 2–10.

R. Damanik, “Summary Statement : Torbangun ( Coleus amboinicus Lour ): A Bataknese Traditional,†J Hum Lact, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 64–72, 2019.

T. F. Hutajulu and L. Junaidi, “The Benefit of Bangun-Bangun Leaves Extract (Coleus amboinicus L.) for Increasing of Rat Breast Milk Production,†J. Ris. Ind., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 15–24, 2013.

W. Yulianto, N. Andarwulan, P. E. Giriwono, and J. Pamungkas, “Bioactive Compounds from Torbangun (Plectranthus amboinicus L. Spreng) Chloroform Fraction Induce Apoptosis in Breast Cancer (MCF-7 Cells) In Vitro,†vol. 22, no. April, pp. 37–44, 2017.

N. Katırcı, N. Işık, Ç. Güpür, H. O. Guler, O. Gursoy, and Y. Yilmaz, “Differences in antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid contents of commercial and homemade tomato pastes,†J. Saudi Soc. Agric. Sci., vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 249–254, 2020.

S. R. Dewi, N. Sumarni, N. Izza, A. W. Putranto, and B. Susilo, “Studi Variasi Kuat Medan Listrik PEF dan Metode Pengeringan Bahan Terhadap Senyawa Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Torbangun (Coleus amboinicus L.),†J. Keteknikan Pertan., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 91–98, 2019.

S. R. Dewi, B. D. Argo, and N. Ulya, “Kandungan Flavonoid dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Pleurotus ostreatus,†Rona Tek. Pertan., vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 1–10, 2018.

Y. Zhao, Y. Li, and R. Zhang, “Silica aerogels having high flexibility and hydrophobicity prepared by sol-gel method,†Ceram. Int., vol. 44, no. 17, pp. 21262–21268, 2018.

F. N. Idris and M. M. Nadzir, “Comparative studies on different extraction methods of centella asiatica and extracts bioactive compounds effects on antimicrobial activities,†Antibiotics, vol. 10, no. 4, 2021.

D. Naviglio, P. Scarano, M. Ciaravolo, and M. Gallo, “Rapid solid-liquid dynamic extraction (RSLDE): A powerful and greener alternative to the latest solid-liquid extraction techniques,†Foods, vol. 8, no. 7, pp. 1–22, 2019.

N. Medina-Torres, T. Ayora-Talavera, H. Espinosa-Andrews, A. Sánchez-Contreras, and N. Pacheco, “Ultrasound assisted extraction for the recovery of phenolic compounds from vegetable sources,†Agronomy, vol. 7, no. 3, 2017.

G. Xu, X. Ye, J. Chen, and D. Liu, “Effect of heat treatment on the phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of citrus peel extract,†J. Agric. Food Chem., vol. 55, no. 2, pp. 330–335, 2007.

N. Izza and D. Tristantini, “The optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of antioxidant compounds from butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea L.) by using response surface methodology,†IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci., vol. 743, no. 1, p. 012046, May 2021.

N. Izza, S. R. Dewi, A. W. Putranto, and D. Yuneri, “Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Cosmos caudatus Using Pulse Electric Field (PEF),†J. Teknol. Pertan., vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 91–96, 2016.

K. Ahmad Shiekh, O. Odunayo Olatunde, B. Zhang, N. Huda, and S. Benjakul, “Pulsed electric field assisted process for extraction of bioactive compounds from custard apple (Annona squamosa) leaves,†Food Chem., vol. 359, p. 129976, 2021.

V. M. Pappas et al., “Use of Pulsed Electric Field as a Low-Temperature and High-Performance ‘Green’ Extraction Technique for the Recovery of High Added Value Compounds from Olive Leaves,†Beverages , vol. 7, no. 3. 2021.

M. Afroz Bakht et al., “Ultrasound-assisted extraction of some branded tea: Optimization based on polyphenol content, antioxidant potential and thermodynamic study,†Saudi J. Biol. Sci., vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 1043–1052, 2018.

M. Bouafia et al., “The optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of Centaurea sp. antioxidative phenolic compounds using response surface methodology,†J. Appl. Res. Med. Aromat. Plants, vol. 25, p. 100330, 2021.

N. Izza et al., “Microwave-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from Moringa oleifera seed as anti-biofouling agents in membrane processes,†MATEC Web Conf., vol. 204, 2018.

A. W. Putranto, S. R. Dewi, N. Izza, D. R. Yuneri, M. Y. S. Dachi, and S. H. Sumarlan, “Ekstraksi senyawa fenolik daun kenikir (Cosmos caudatus) menggunakan Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE),†Rona Tek. Pertan., vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 60–71, 2018.

N. Utama-ang, S. Sida, P. Wanachantararak, and A. Kawee-ai, “Development of edible Thai rice film fortified with ginger extract using microwave-assisted extraction for oral antimicrobial properties,†Sci. Rep., vol. 11, no. 1, p. 14870, 2021.

L. Azaroual et al., “Optimization of the Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Simple Phenolic Compounds from Grape Skins and Seeds,†Agronomy , vol. 11, no. 8. 2021.

H. Baltacıoğlu, C. Baltacıoğlu, I. Okur, A. Tanrıvermiş, and M. Yalıç, “Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from tomato: Characterization by FTIR and HPLC and comparison with conventional solvent extraction,†Vib. Spectrosc., vol. 113, p. 103204, Mar. 2021.

A. V. B. Reddy, M. Moniruzzaman, V. Madhavi, and J. Jaafar, “Chapter 8 - Recent improvements in the extraction, cleanup and quantification of bioactive flavonoids,†in Bioactive Natural Products, vol. 66, B. T.-S. in N. P. C. Atta-ur-Rahman, Ed. Elsevier, 2020, pp. 197–223.

A. Pandey, T. Belwal, K. C. Sekar, I. D. Bhatt, and R. S. Rawal, “Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) of phenolics and antioxidant compounds from rhizomes of Rheum moorcroftianum using response surface methodology (RSM),†Ind. Crops Prod., vol. 119, pp. 218–225, 2018.

X. Lin, L. Wu, X. Wang, L. Yao, and L. Wang, “Ultrasonic-assisted extraction for flavonoid compounds content and antioxidant activities of India Moringa oleifera L. leaves: Simultaneous optimization, HPLC characterization and comparison with other methods,†J. Appl. Res. Med. Aromat. Plants, vol. 20, p. 100284, 2021.

S. Jafarinejad, “7 - Solid-Waste Management in the Petroleum Industry,†S. B. T.-P. W. T. and P. C. Jafarinejad, Ed. Butterworth-Heinemann, 2017, pp. 269–345.

B. Dahmoune et al., “Microwave assisted extraction of bioactive saponins from the starfish Echinaster sepositus: Optimization by response surface methodology and comparison with ultrasound and conventional solvent extraction,†Chem. Eng. Process. - Process Intensif., vol. 163, no. February, 2021.

E. J. Davis, E. Spadoni Andreani, and S. Karboune, “Production of Extracts Composed of Pectic Oligo/Polysaccharides and Polyphenolic Compounds from Cranberry Pomace by Microwave-Assisted Extraction Process,†Food Bioprocess Technol., pp. 634–649, 2021.

N. Kutlu, A. Isci, O. Sakiyan, and A. E. Yilmaz, “Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) Using Microwave and Ohmic Heating Assisted Microwave Methods,†Food Bioprocess Technol., pp. 650–664, 2021.

A. C. Iwansyah, M. R. M. Damanik, L. Kustiyah, and M. Hanafi, “Potensi Fraksi Etil Asetat Daun Torbangun (Coleus amboinicus L.) dalam Meningkatkan Produksi Susu, Bobot Badan Tikus, dan Anak Tikus,†J. Gizi dan Pangan, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 61–68, 2017.

N. Andarwulan, N. D. Yuliana, E. Hasna, S. A. Aziz, and T. D. Davis, “Comparative Analysis of Three Torbangun Clones (<i>Plectranthus amboinicus</i> (Lour.) Spreng) Based on Phenotypic Characteristics and Phenolic Content,†Am. J. Plant Sci., vol. 05, no. 24, pp. 3673–3683, 2014.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.12.3.15710

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Published by INSIGHT - Indonesian Society for Knowledge and Human Development