Physical Model Simulation: Influences the Shape of Breakwater Structures on the Coefficient of Transmission and Reflection

Pujianiki Ni Nyoman, Riska Dayanti

Abstract


Breakwater is used to break the wave energy that travels towards the beach. Part of the wave energy will be destroyed, transmitted, or reflected. The shape of breakwater affects the ability to break the wave energy. There are no researchers who have compared the effect of the shape of the breakwater structure on wave energy transmitted and reflected. This study aims to simulate the transmission coefficient (Kt) and reflection coefficient (Kr) of the breakwater in various forms. Physical models with a 1:100 scale model is used. A flap-type wave generator in a wave flume is used to generate the wave. Waves regularly move in one direction passed the model. The results showed an effect of the shape of the breakwater structure on Kt and Kr. By increasing the wave steepness (Hi/L), Kt's value will increase in the upright structure and decrease in the sloping structure. At the same time, the value of Kr tends to decrease when the wave steepness increases. The value of Kt is relatively smaller in upright structures than in sloping structures. By adding porosity to the structure, the Kt value will increase, followed by Kr's reduction. By increasing the crest B's width, Kt appears to increase, but the crest width does not significantly affect Kr. Kt and Kr are significantly smaller if the breakwater structure is inclined towards the sea or inverted trapezium. This type of breakwater has never been encountered in the field before.


Keywords


Breakwater; transmission wave; reflection wave; porosity.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Coastal Engineering Research Center, Shore protection manual Volume I, vol. 1. 1984.

C. Liao, D. Tong, D. S. Jeng, and H. Zhao, “Numerical study for wave-induced oscillatory pore pressures and liquefaction around impermeable slope breakwater heads,†Ocean Eng., vol. 157, no. February 2017, pp. 364–375, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2018.03.058.

X. Li and W. Zhang, “3D numerical simulation of wave transmission for low-crested and submerged breakwaters,†Coast. Eng., vol. 152, p. 103517, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2019.103517.

E. Di Lauro, M. Maza, J. L. Lara, I. J. Losada, P. Contestabile, and D. Vicinanza, “Advantages of an innovative vertical breakwater with an overtopping wave energy converter,†Coast. Eng., vol. 159, no. November 2019, p. 103713, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2020.103713.

M. Buccino, M. Daliri, F. Dentale, A. Di Leo, and M. Calabrese, “CFD experiments on a low crested sloping top caisson breakwater. Part 1. nature of loadings and global stability,†Ocean Eng., vol. 182, no. March, pp. 259–282, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2019.04.017.

S. Bahena-Jimenez, E. Bautista, F. Méndez, and A. Quesada-Torres, “Wave reflection by a submerged cycloidal breakwater in presence of a beach with different depth profiles,†Wave Motion, vol. 98, p. 102622, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.wavemoti.2020.102622.

Y. Yuksel, E. Cevik, M. R. A. van Gent, C. Sahin, A. Altunsu, and Z. Tugce Yuksel, “Stability of berm type breakwater with cube blocks in the lower slope and berm,†Ocean Eng., vol. 217, no. September, p. 107985, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2020.107985.

J. MT., Muchtasor, Pratikto Agus Widi, and Wahyudi, “Study Of Sinking Six-Tooth Saws Breakwater Physical Model,†Din. Tek. Sipil, vol. 8, pp. 127–136, 2008.

Z. Zulkarnain and N. Anwar, “Kajian Model Fisik Pengaruh Freeboard dan Susunan Buis Beton Sebagai Pemecah Gelombang Tenggelam Ambang Rendah (Pegar) Dalam Mereduksi Gelombang,†Borneo Eng. J. Tek. Sipil, vol. 1, no. 2, p. 34, 2017, doi: 10.35334/be.v1i2.600.

K. Horikawa, Coastal Engineering: An introduction to Ocean Engineering. University of Tokyo, 1978.

L. Frau et al., “Effects of ultra-porous 3D printed reefs on wave kinematics,†J. Coast. Res., vol. 1, no. 75, pp. 851–855, 2016, doi: 10.2112/SI75-171.1.

S. Sigurdarson and J. Van Der Meer, “Design of berm breakwaters: Recession, overtopping and reflection,†Coasts, Mar. Struct. Break. 2013 From Sea to Shore - Meet. Challenges Sea, vol. 1, no. September, pp. 64–74, 2014, doi: 10.1680/fsts.59757.0064.

S. Koley, K. Panduranga, N. Almashan, S. Neelamani, and A. Al-Ragum, “Numerical and experimental modeling of water wave interaction with rubble mound offshore porous breakwaters,†Ocean Eng., vol. 218, no. July, p. 108218, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2020.108218.

S. H. Park, S. O. Lee, T.-H. Jung, and Y.-S. Cho, “Effects of submerged structure on rubble-mound breakwater: Experimental study,†KSCE J. Civ. Eng., vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 277–284, 2007, doi: 10.1007/bf02885898.

B. Triatmodjo, Teknik Pantai. Yogyakarta: Beta Offset, 1999.

N. Zhang, Q. Zhang, G. Zou, and X. Jiang, “Estimation of the transmission coefficients of wave height and period after smooth submerged breakwater using a non-hydrostatic wave model,†Ocean Eng., vol. 122, pp. 202–214, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2016.06.037.

M. J. Choopanizade, M. Bakhtiari, and M. Rostami, “Wave transmission through the perforated half-depth block-made wall breakwater: An experimental study,†Ocean Eng., vol. 215, no. December 2019, p. 107895, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2020.107895.

I. Safak et al., “Wave transmission through living shoreline breakwalls,†Cont. Shelf Res., vol. 211, p. 104268, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.csr.2020.104268.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.11.1.12659

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Published by INSIGHT - Indonesian Society for Knowledge and Human Development