The Effect of Botanical Insecticide Mixed Formulation from Piper aduncum Fruit and Tephrosia vogelli Leaf Against the Diversity of Soil Arthropods in Cabbage Plantation (Brassica oleracea L)

Eka Candra Lina, Nia Perahas Tiwi, - Martinius, My Syahrawati, Bibin Bintang Andriana

Abstract


An arthropod is one of the critical animal groups in the agriculture ecosystem. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of botanical insecticide mixed with formulation from Piper aduncum fruit and Tephrosia vogelii leaf as well as their application intensity against the diversity of soil arthropods. The research was conducted in cabbage plantation regularly applied with pesticide using Randomized Block Design two factorial with 5 treatments and 3 duplications in three regions (Jorong Jambu Kaniki, Batipuh Atas, and Tanah Datar) from March to July 2017. The treatments included control, WP (wettable powder) botanical insecticide formulation, EC (Emulsifiable concentrate) botanical insecticides formulation, BT (Bacillus thuringiensis) formulation, and synthetic insecticide (chlorfenapyr). Soil arthropod samples were taken by pitfall trap at 75 points representing all treatments. The type of formulations and intensity of application affect the number of soil arthropods individuals. There is an interaction between formulations and intensity of application, enhancement on formulations application of WP, and EC tend to increase the number of soil arthropods individual. Otherwise, the use of synthetic insecticide significantly decreases the number of soil arthropod individuals. The application intensity did not affect the type of soil arthropods. Further identification of soil arthropod samples from the experimental field showed the diversity of soil arthropods is categorized as moderate (2,23–2,97), evenness is categorized medium to high (0,25-0,65), index similarity formulations are categorized high (0,923- 1,000), and index similarity intensity application in categorizing medium to high (0,667-1,000). Soil arthropods ware found in cabbage plantations consist of 3 classes: Arachnida (1 Order; 1 Family), Insecta (1 Order; 4 Family), Entoghnata (1 Order; 2 Family). Order Collembola, Family Onychiuridae dominated soil arthropods.


Keywords


diversity; soil arthropods; cabbage (Brassica oleraceae L.); botanical insecticides; synthetic insecticides.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Permadi, A.H. dan S, Sastrosiwojo. (1993). Kubis. Badan Penelitian dan Pengamatan Pertanian Balai Penelitian Penelitian Hortikultura Lembang.

Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). (2016). Produksi Sayuran di Indonesia. http://www.pertanian.go.id/ap_pages/mod/datahorti [22 Oktober 2017].

Dinas Pertanian Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura (DPTPH) Sumatera Barat. (2010). Perkembangan Tanaman Hortikultura Tahun 2009 di Sumatera Barat. Padang.

Rueda, A, AM Shelton. (2006). Diamondback Moth (DBM).www.nysaes.cornell.edu. htm. (Diakses tanggal 10 April 2012).

Pimentel, D. (1982). Perspectiver of Integrated Pest Management. Crop Protection, 1(1), 5-26.

Soetikno, S dan Sastroutomo. (1992). Pestisida Dasar- dasar dan Dampak Penggunaaanya. Gramedia. Jakarta.

Khan, M Z. (2003). Effect of Pesticides On Biodiversity:comparison of Malathion with Biosal on Protein Contents in Calotes versicolor. J.nat.hist.wildl, 2(1),25-28.

Suhardjono, Y.R. (1998). Serangga Serasah :Keanekaragaman Takson dan Peranannya Di Kebun Raya Bogor. Biota. 3(1), 16-24.

Wallwork, J. A., (1970). Ecology of Soil Animal.Academic Press. London.

Borror, D.J., C. A. Triplehom, and N. F.Johnson. (2005). Pengenalan Pembelajaran Serangga . Edisi keenam. Gajah Mada Universitiy Press. Yogyakarta.

Purwowidodo. (2003). Panduan Praktikum Ilmu Tanah Hutan: Mengenal Tanah. Fakultas Kehutanan IPB, Bogor.

DeBano, C.F.D.G., Neay dan P.F. Folliot. (1998). Fire’s Effect On Ecosystem. New York. John Wiley and Sons . Inc.

Wiryadiputra, S. (2006). Keefektifan Pestisida Nabati Ramayana (Cassia spectabilis) dan Tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum) Terhadap Hama Utama Tanaman Kopi dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Arthropoda Lainnya. Pelita Perkebunan, 22 (1), 25— 39.

Syakir, M. (2011). Status Penelitian Pestisida Nabati Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Perkebunan [Semnas Pesnab IV]. Bogor.

Prakash, A., Rao, J. (1997). Botanical Pesticides In Agriculture. Boca Raton: CRC Press.

Dadang., Prijono, D. (2008). Insektisida Nabati : Prinsip, Pemanfaatan , dan Pengembangan . Bogor: Departemen Proteksi Tanaman, Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Sudarmo, S. (2005). Pestisida Nabati. Jakarta: Kanisius.

Lina, E.C. (2014). Pengembangan Formulasi Insektisida Nabati Berbahan Ekstrak Brucea javanica, Piper aduncum, dan Tephrosia vogelii Untuk Pengendalian Hama Kubis Crocidolomia pavonan.[Desertasi] Bogor. Sekolah Pascasarjana Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Mollet, H and Grubenmenn. (2001). Formulation Technology: Emulsion, Suspensions, Solid Forms. Wiley-VCH Verlag.

Abizar M dan Prijono J. D. Hooker. (2010). Aktivitas insektisida ekstrak daun biji Tephrosia vogelii (Leguminosae) dan ekstrak buah Piper cubeba L. (Piperaceae) terhadap larva Crocidolomia pavonana (F.) (Lepidoptera:Crambidae). JHPT tropika, 10,1-12.

Triplehorn C.A dan N.F Johnson. (2005). Borror and Delong’s introduction to the study of insect 7th Ed. Belmont: Thomson Brooks/cole.

Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). (2017). Kabupaten Tanah Datar dalam Angka. Tanah Datar.

Suin,N.M.(2012). Ekologi Hewan Tanah: Jakarta.Bumi Aksara.

Kaneda S, Kaneko N. (2004). Growth of the Collembolan Folsomia candida Willem in soil supplemented with glucose. Pedobiologia, 48,165-170.

Krebs, C. J. (2000). Ecological Methodology. Second Edition. New York: Animprint of Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.

Magurran, A.S. (1988). Ecological Diversity and Its Meeasurement. Chapman and Hall. London.

Waris. (2009). Ekosistem dan Pelestarian Sumber Daya Hayati. http://189.89.2012.211/explorer/view.php. [ 15 juli 2016].

Bernard C.B., H.G Krishnamurty., D Chauret., T Durst., B.J.R Philogene. 1995. Insecticidal defenses of Piperaceae from the Neotropics. Journal Chem Ecol, 2(1),801-814.

Hollingworth, R.M. (2001). Inhibitors and uncouplers of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Di dalam: Krieger R, Doull J, Ecobichon D, Gammon D, Hodgson et al., editor. Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology. San Diego (US): Academic Press.1169-1227.

Nailufar, N. (2011). Aktivitas Insektisida Ekstrak Daun Tephrosia vogelii (Leguminosae) dan Buah Piper aduncum (Piperaceae) Terhadap Larva Crocidolomia pavonana [Skripsi]. Bogor. Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Odum, E.P. (1971). Fundamentals of Ecology. Third Edition. Saunders Company. Philadelphia and London. ofinseticide Mixtures For The Control of The tobacco Budworm (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae).J Econ Entomo, l8(1), 989-994




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.10.6.12083

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Published by INSIGHT - Indonesian Society for Knowledge and Human Development